Because of this, they generate flue gases much colder than those of a mid-efficiency 80% furnace. This doesn’t only change the way the furnace operates. It also changes the installation process as well.
In a high efficiency furnace, a great amount of condensation is involved. This water comes from two sources: the moisture that is already present in the air, and the combustion process itself, as the hydrogen atoms from the natural or propane gas molecules combine with oxygen to form water.
For the furnace to work properly, that condensation needs to be drained out or else it will accumulate inside the heat exchanger or inducer assembly. Most furnaces will have at least 2 internal drains, typically one for the heat exchanger and one for the vent, usually at the inducer outlet or on the inducer housing.
The secondary heat exchanger outlet is sealed inside a plastic part called the collector box, which is designed to collect the condensate and drain it out. All condensate drains go into a trap. The condensate trap is mandatory for a high efficiency gas furnace since the drain connects to the exhaust system of the furnace, leaving it open to the air. This would allow for a potential exhaust/flue gas leak in the living space and that’s why we need a condensate trap. Additionally, if there is no trap, the inducer motor would take air through the drain if it was left open, which could affect combustion and would prevent proper drainage.
One thing to think about when dealing with a condensate trap is potential blockage. The trap needs to be cleaned out regularly, and that should be done every maintenance. Rinse it out and make sure water flows through the trap properly from all its ports. If there is poor flow fill it up and blow through it to get out any obstructions.
The need for regular cleaning also means that drains should be installed in a way that allows the trap to be easily removed. Most furnaces come with additional parts like clamps and flexible hoses for installation. This makes it a little more accessible for the technician.
To ensure proper drainage, here are some helpful tips: make sure every component that produces condensate is sloped towards the drain. That means slope the vent down towards the furnace (typically a ¼’’ slope per foot of length, minimum) and slope the furnace itself! Look in your installation manual, most manufacturers will call for the furnace to be installed with a slight forward pitch to allow condensate to drain from the collector box. Slope the drain line and vent the drain after the trap to prevent airlock.
